Researchers have developed a soft robot inspired by octopuses that can autonomously grip and sense its environment using suction-based intelligence—without relying on a central computer. (Source: Image by RR)

Soft Robot Uses Suction to Grip, Sense and Adapt Without Central Processing

Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a groundbreaking soft robot inspired by the intelligence and anatomy of an octopus. This new robotic system can autonomously decide how to move and grip objects using suction-based sensors, eliminating the need for a central computer. By mimicking an octopus’ decentralized nervous system, the robot can simultaneously grip, detect its environment, and adapt its behavior based on stimuli such as air, water, surface texture and resistance.

The study, published in Science Robotics, showcases how the robot incorporates a hierarchical intelligence model akin to that of octopuses, using soft actuators and suction cups as both sensors and manipulators. These suction-based systems, as reported in interestingengineering.com, are capable of complex, dexterous actions—such as curling and adapting to various shapes—while relying on local fluidic circuits for decision-making. This approach enables the robot to manage tasks more efficiently and intuitively, mirroring the octopus’ combination of local and centralized control systems.

Crucially, the robot’s suction intelligence enables it to achieve multimodal perception. By analyzing pressure changes within its suction cups, it can detect environmental conditions, such as identifying surface roughness or predicting the force needed for object manipulation. This high-level sensing capability, typically reserved for more complex robotic systems, is achieved here through relatively simple, low-cost hardware.

This innovative design holds broad promise for future applications. It could revolutionize fields such as agriculture by gently harvesting fruit, manufacturing by handling fragile goods, and medicine by anchoring tools within the human body. The technology also opens the door to interactive soft toys and wearable robotic tools that can safely interface with people. Overall, the octopus-inspired robot represents a leap forward in soft robotics, combining safety, intelligence and efficiency through nature-inspired engineering.

read more at interestingengineering.com